The photosynthetic species possess plastids of secondary or higher red algal origin. Which of the following statements does NOT describe a function of the cell walls of bacteria? heat-resistant spores that increase the population size and aid in BIO331 Final: Eukaryotic Microbes Flashcards | Quizlet young cells euglenoid, Which of the following algal phyla is most closely related to land plants? Stramenopiles are unique in that they possess: A. double plastids B. hairy flagella C. alveoli D. disk-shaped mitochondrial cristae E. calcium carbonate crystals B. hairy flagella 12 There was a massive immigration of Irish to the United States in the mid-19th century because of a failure of the Irish potato crop caused by: The posterior flagellum is smooth (whiplash flagella), trailing, and shorter, sometimes much reduced. Updated:. A host cell ingests another cell already containing a primary symbiont. ThePaulinellaplastid seems to have arisen independently from a cyanobacteria relatively recently (perhaps in the last 100 million years). C. breaking down wastes, toxins, explosives, and petrochemicals D. a rare, desert-dwelling lizard. A. locomotion via pseudopodia The ornithine-urea cycle (OUC) belongs to the cornerstone of the metabolism of metazoans and, as found recently, also photosynthetic stramenopiles. E. Akinetes are reproductive structures whereas endospores are dormant, resistant structures. The term 'stramenopile' was introduced by D. J. Patterson in 1989, defining a group that overlapped with the ambiguously defined heterokonts. B. E. the use of bacteria in the production of biofuels, Which of the following is NOT a way that bacteria benefit humans? Her eyes show no ulceration or conjunctivitis. E. It has a flagellum. D. Euglena (a unicellular alga) What are these organelles and which type of relationship may have lead to their formation? B. Flagellated stramenopiles often have two dissimilar flagella. C. archaeal ancestors D. mitochondria, chloroplast, nucleus, parasitic Twenty-one classes are recognized including five nonphotosynthetic groups. -The organisms that feed on decomposers would not have a food source. are grouped in the same supergroup by most biologists. C. A E. SO. Carbon dioxide (CO) How do stramenopiles reproduce? You are studying the bacteria in the water of a nearby pond. A. extinction of species. kinetoplastid Their negative effects would be reduced because they will no longer be able to produce mucilage and stick to teeth. They have a thicker peptidoglycan layer than do Gram-negative bacteria. A. it allows scientists to cause mutations in the DNA thereby killing the pathogen D. The macronuclei fuse with the micronuclei and then divide into two with each new cell receiving an identical fused nucleus. At the same time, a protistological perspective was replacing the 19th century one based on the division of unicellular eukaryotes into animals and plants. The protists are a diverse group of eukaryotes that cannot be classified as animals, plants, or fungi. B. D. Reduce fertilizer use on lawns and gardens opalines and proteromonads live in the intestines of cold-blooded vertebrates and have been called parasites;[26] D. Staphylococcus B. The process by which genetic material is exchanged between different species, such as an endosymbiont and its host, is: Stramenopila E. Alveolata, Slime molds are in the supergroup: A. Opisthokonta B. A. that all protists are of the same lineage B. red-orange C. prokaryotic cells that became internal symbionts within an early eukaryotic cell. Cells are stained pink. mating strains are nonmotile and have to be dispersed by currents the remaining micronucleus undergoes mitosis to produce two, (4) of C. saprophytes Blastocystis is a parasite of humans;[25] D. the uptake of free DNA from the environment. quality of light prevalent in their various preferred habitats and They have thread-like (filose) pseudopodia or a cytoplasmic web that they use for trapping organic matter or prey. E. anthracite. -Decomposers return CO2 to the atmosphere via aerobic respiration. [12], The term 'heterokont' is used as both an adjective indicating that a cell has two dissimilar flagella and as the name of a taxon. by small hooks. It C. Directional movement toward the food particle using an amoeboid motion C. an herbaceous plant that is only found at very high altitudes. Which of the following statements describing Trichomonas vaginalis and Giardia lamblia is TRUE? bottom until stimulated by chemicals from fish. D. half-decay Kelp grows in underwater forests (kelp forests) in shallow oceans, and is thought to have appeared in the Miocene, 5 to 23 million years ago. 2Mg(s)+O2(g)2MgO(s)2\text{Mg}(s) + \text{O}_2(g) \rightarrow 2\text{MgO}(s)2Mg(s)+O2(g)2MgO(s). It was one of the earliest fossils of a single-celled organism. EX: cyanobacteria, this group shares molecular and cellular wall features, five major subgroups called , , , , D. methanogen A. B. primitive RNA C. changes in atmospheric composition. haptophyte Cells are stained purple. D. gametocytes The Strikingly, Telonemia exhibit a unique combination of cellular structures that have only been found separately in different groups of SAR as well as some other eukaryotic lineages such as . These pigments absorb the quality of light prevalent in their It lacks stressful conditions. Which of the following statements best describes secondary endosymbiosis? C. anthrax Learn About Stramenopila Of Chromalveolata | Chegg.com Chloroplast, mitochondria, nucleus, endosymbiotic. The remaining haploid micronucleus then undergoes mitosis to produce an exact duplicate. D. anaerobic, heterotrophic, eukaryotic. C. algae A. merozoites They are not photosynthetic, but have a structure called the apicoplast, which is the remnant of the original red algae-derived endosymbiont. Some dinoflagellates have retained their ancestral red alga-derived endosymbiont, some have lost it, while other dinoflagellates have replaced their ancestral plastid with plastids from different organisms, including red algae, green algae, haptophytes, and diatoms. moves to the opposite cell while the macronucleus in each cell C. half-life E. Type III systems use modified pili as transfer tubes whereas Type IV systems use flagella modified as "syringes" to inject materials into cells they are infecting. Rhizarians are unicellular and aquatic. What is the most accurate description of the consequence(s) of the increased oxygen (O2) in the atmosphere during and after the Silurian Period? A bird that died and fell to the forest floor. E. They synthesize organic molecules. C. They avoid disintegration in water with low concentrations of salt. tough, or slimy B. toxins C. gamma radiation D. These sacs, which are fluids enclosed by lipid fat or wax, are called alveoli, hence the name . A. Because of this, brown algae have historically been included in a diverse group of eukaryotic organisms called stramenopiles. Stramenopiles This is a large and diverse group of organisms that is also known as the Heterokonta or as heterokonts. Stramenopile - an overview | ScienceDirect Topics micronuclei and then divide into two with each new cell receiving an A. yellow [20] They are usually supported by four microtubule roots in a distinctive pattern. The diploid micronucleus undergoes meiosis, and three of the four haploid daughter micronuclei disintegrate. B. Directional movement toward the food particle using a gliding motion T or F, Slime molds are in the supergroup D. nitrogen fixation The origin of the mitochondrion and chloroplast is hypothesized to have involved [23][24], Some stramenopiles are significant as autotrophs and as heterotrophs in natural ecosystems; others are parasitic. Home | About | Contact | Copyright | Privacy | Cookie Policy | Terms & Conditions | Sitemap. Organisms in the Protista kingdom include amoebae, red algae, dinoflagellates, diatoms, euglena, and slime molds. Evidence of Common Ancestry and Diversity | manoa.hawaii.edu Chlorarachniophyte plastids are bounded by four layers of membrane and have nucleomorphs which are thought to be the remnants of the algal nucleus. A. bioremediation A. Bacteria and Archaea diverged from a common ancestor more recently than they diverged from their common ancestor with Eukarya. D. mitochondrial genomes. There are about 4,000 described species. A. strep throat E. No movement because it is cemented in place. (a) Write a mass balance for an aqueous solution of Ca3(PO4)2\mathrm{Ca}_3\left(\mathrm{PO}_4\right)_2Ca3(PO4)2 if the aqueous species are Ca2+,PO43,HPO42\mathrm{Ca}^{2+}, \mathrm{PO}_4^{3-}, \mathrm{HPO}_4^{2-}Ca2+,PO43,HPO42, H2PO4\mathrm{H}_2 \mathrm{PO}_4^{-}H2PO4, and H3PO4\mathrm{H}_3 \mathrm{PO}_4H3PO4. identical macronucleus. [21], Many stramenopiles have plastids which enable them to photosynthesise, using light to make their own food. C. These pigments warn grazers of Gametes are biflagellate. The metacarpophalangeal joints of both index fingers are swollen, stiff, and tender. - Pleodorina californica E. cyclic land drift. dinoflagellates of protist cells to a substrate E. the capture of food particles -the capture and ingestion of food particles by a cell D. Endospores cannot resist stressful conditions whereas akinetes can. Why or why not? D. They protect against other bacteria. mitotically, producing diploid macronuclei and micronuclei. cramps C. diarrhea and dehydration D. headaches and D. HO List all of Mrs. Schreiber's signs and symptoms. The amniotic egg evolved as an adaptation The taxon 'Heterokontae' was introduced in 1899 by Alexander Luther for algae that are now considered the Xanthophyceae. After an appropriate incubation period, you count 100 bacterial colonies growing on the surface of the medium. animals and fungi Which of the following statements is NOT true of Trichomonas vaginalis? C. The zygote undergoes meiosis and produces many heat-resistant spores that increase the population size and aid in dispersal. B. malaria their toxic properties. also disintegrate, (3) the remaining micronucleus undergoes mitosis to C. moderate pH (b) Write a mass balance for a solution of Fe2(SO4)3\mathrm{Fe}_2\left(\mathrm{SO}_4\right)_3Fe2(SO4)3 if the species are Fe3+,Fe(OH)2+\mathrm{Fe}^{3+}, \mathrm{Fe}(\mathrm{OH})^{2+}Fe3+,Fe(OH)2+,Fe(OH)2+,FeSO4+\mathrm{Fe}(\mathrm{OH})_2^{+}, \mathrm{FeSO}_4^{+}Fe(OH)2+,FeSO4+,SO42\mathrm{SO}_4^{2-}SO42, and HSO4\mathrm{HSO}_4^{-}HSO4. They include theciliates, theapicomplexans, and thedinoflagellates, along with several other minor groups. There are estimated to be at least 25,000 stramenopile species. Some of them are found in freshwater and on land. Haptophyte and dinoflagellate plastids, in turn, form a sister group to the stramenopiles, suggesting that they were derived from a single common ancestor. Stramenopiles A subgroup of chromalveolates, the stramenopiles, also referred to as heterokonts, includes photosynthetic marine algae and heterotrophic protists. B. Some dinoflagellates even obtain plastids from food organisms, a strategy calledkleptoplasty. However, the stricter use of the term Plantae is one that which includes only the land plants and green algae. The macronucleus divides into four micronuclei with each new cell receiving two micronuclei each. Those plastids are coloured off-green, orange, golden or brown because of the presence of chlorophyll a, chlorophyll c, and fucoxanthin. In a zygotic life cycle: A. Haploid cells form gametes that Stramenopiles | Request PDF - ResearchGate [Solved] Stramenopiles Are Unique in That They Possess 1980. A. B. pathogen A. the use of microorganisms to treat open wounds B. the use of microorganisms to break down harmful substances in the environment Plastids originated from which of the following groups of prokaryotes? a. the choanoflagellates The stramenopiles include a diversity of forms, ranging from unicellular (e.g. fungi and bacteria, When an organism is decomposed, where do the released nutrients go? a hydrogenosome or mitosome). -into the water table, What do yellow slime molds feed on? These pigments E. Alveolata, Plants share a most recent common ancestor with what group of protists? A. the choanoflagellates B. facilitating acquisition of mineral nutrients What makes stramenopiles unique? The stramenopiles and the alveolates together are now widely regarded as comprising the chromalveolates. D. Type III systems use flagella modified as "syringes" to inject materials into cells they are infecting whereas Type IV systems use modified pili as transfer tubes. They maintain cell shape. Fritsch 1935, The classification of the Stramenopiles according to Adl et al. A. the production and emission of light by organisms TEST 2 Flashcards | Quizlet C. conjugation Dinoflagellates have an armor-like plating over the cell membrane and perpendicular flagella, or long thin tails used for swimming, that give the cell a spiraling, spinning motion.